Grafana¶
Warning
You should set up Prometheus first before setting this up.
Grafana is a dashboard that can consume from Prometheus and other data sources to display all the information that you need.
There is an official image for this service that we'll use: grafana/grafana.
Pre-Installation¶
We'll create a folder in the main user's home where all the service's data will be saved.
mkdir ~/services/observability/grafana
External Network¶
Since this service needs to interoperate with another one, we'll need to have them inside the same network. Make sure to have created the grafana_external network before defining the docker-compose.yml file. If you haven't created this network, you can do so with:
docker network create grafana_external
Docker Compose¶
Grafana will be run using Docker Compose. The content of the docker-compose.yml file is as follows:
services:
web:
image: grafana/grafana:latest
restart: unless-stopped
user: 1000:1000
networks:
default:
grafana_external:
proxy_external:
aliases:
- grafana
volumes:
- ./data:/var/lib/grafana
environment:
TZ: America/Guayaquil
labels:
traefik.enable: true
traefik.docker.network: proxy_external
traefik.http.routers.grafana.rule: Host(`grafana.home.example.com`) || Host(`grafana.vpn.example.com`)
traefik.http.routers.grafana.entrypoints: local-https
traefik.http.routers.grafana.tls: true
traefik.http.routers.grafana.tls.certresolver: le
traefik.http.routers.grafana.service: grafana@docker
traefik.http.services.grafana.loadbalancer.server.port: 3000
networks:
grafana_external:
external: true
proxy_external:
external: true
Reverse Proxy¶
This service is exposed by a reverse proxy. More specifically, it is using Traefik.
For this reason, you will see that this service has:
- A directive to connect it to the
proxy_externalexternal network. - A container alias for the
proxy_externalnetwork. - A number of labels with names starting with
traefik.
If you're not using a reverse proxy, feel free to remove these from the docker-compose.yml file. Keep in mind you might need to bind the ports to connect to the service instead.
Running¶
Start up the service with:
docker compose up -d
That's it! The service will auto-start on system startup and restart on failure.
Add Prometheus to Grafana¶
Visit the Grafana's site by accessing:
http://localhost:3000
And create your Admin account.
Make your way to the following page:
Configuration > Data Sources > Add a data source > Prometheus
And add the local IP of your server.
Add a Dashboard¶
Make your way to the following page.
Create > Import
And paste the following JSON in it:
{
"annotations": {
"list": [
{
"builtIn": 1,
"datasource": {
"type": "grafana",
"uid": "-- Grafana --"
},
"enable": true,
"hide": true,
"iconColor": "rgba(0, 211, 255, 1)",
"name": "Annotations & Alerts",
"target": {
"limit": 100,
"matchAny": false,
"tags": [],
"type": "dashboard"
},
"type": "dashboard"
}
]
},
"description": "moonstar's Server Dashboard",
"editable": true,
"fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
"graphTooltip": 0,
"id": 4,
"iteration": 1653438285360,
"links": [],
"liveNow": false,
"panels": [
{
"collapsed": false,
"gridPos": {
"h": 1,
"w": 24,
"x": 0,
"y": 0
},
"id": 8,
"panels": [],
"title": "Quick Info",
"type": "row"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"description": "CPU Usage",
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "thresholds"
},
"decimals": 0,
"mappings": [],
"max": 100,
"min": 0,
"noValue": "N/A",
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": null
},
{
"color": "#EAB839",
"value": 75
},
{
"color": "semi-dark-red",
"value": 95
}
]
},
"unit": "percent"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 4,
"w": 3,
"x": 0,
"y": 1
},
"id": 2,
"options": {
"orientation": "horizontal",
"reduceOptions": {
"calcs": [
"lastNotNull"
],
"fields": "",
"values": false
},
"showThresholdLabels": false,
"showThresholdMarkers": true,
"text": {}
},
"pluginVersion": "8.5.3",
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"expr": "(((count(count(node_cpu_seconds_total{instance=\"$node\",job=\"$job\"}) by (cpu))) - avg(sum by (mode)(irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{mode='idle',instance=\"$node\",job=\"$job\"}[5m])))) * 100) / count(count(node_cpu_seconds_total{instance=\"$node\",job=\"$job\"}) by (cpu))",
"hide": false,
"range": true,
"refId": "A"
}
],
"title": "CPU Usage",
"type": "gauge"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"description": "CPU temperature",
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "thresholds"
},
"decimals": 0,
"mappings": [],
"max": 100,
"min": 0,
"noValue": "N/A",
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "blue",
"value": null
},
{
"color": "#EAB839",
"value": 45
},
{
"color": "semi-dark-red",
"value": 65
}
]
},
"unit": "celsius"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 4,
"w": 3,
"x": 3,
"y": 1
},
"id": 5,
"options": {
"orientation": "horizontal",
"reduceOptions": {
"calcs": [
"mean"
],
"fields": "",
"values": false
},
"showThresholdLabels": false,
"showThresholdMarkers": true,
"text": {}
},
"pluginVersion": "8.5.3",
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"expr": "avg(node_hwmon_temp_celsius{instance=\"$node\",job=\"$job\"})",
"hide": false,
"range": true,
"refId": "A"
}
],
"title": "CPU Temp",
"type": "gauge"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"description": "Sys Load (5m avg)",
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "thresholds"
},
"decimals": 0,
"mappings": [],
"max": 100,
"min": 0,
"noValue": "N/A",
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": null
},
{
"color": "#EAB839",
"value": 75
},
{
"color": "semi-dark-red",
"value": 95
}
]
},
"unit": "percent"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 4,
"w": 3,
"x": 6,
"y": 1
},
"id": 6,
"options": {
"orientation": "horizontal",
"reduceOptions": {
"calcs": [
"lastNotNull"
],
"fields": "",
"values": false
},
"showThresholdLabels": false,
"showThresholdMarkers": true,
"text": {}
},
"pluginVersion": "8.5.3",
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"expr": "avg(node_load5{instance=\"$node\",job=\"$job\"}) / count(count(node_cpu_seconds_total{instance=\"$node\",job=\"$job\"}) by (cpu)) * 100",
"hide": false,
"range": true,
"refId": "A"
}
],
"title": "Sys Load",
"type": "gauge"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"description": "RAM Usage",
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "thresholds"
},
"decimals": 0,
"mappings": [],
"max": 100,
"min": 0,
"noValue": "N/A",
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": null
},
{
"color": "#EAB839",
"value": 70
},
{
"color": "semi-dark-red",
"value": 90
}
]
},
"unit": "percent"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 4,
"w": 3,
"x": 9,
"y": 1
},
"id": 3,
"options": {
"orientation": "horizontal",
"reduceOptions": {
"calcs": [
"lastNotNull"
],
"fields": "",
"values": false
},
"showThresholdLabels": false,
"showThresholdMarkers": true,
"text": {}
},
"pluginVersion": "8.5.3",
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"expr": "100 - ((node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes{instance=\"$node\",job=\"$job\"} * 100) / node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{instance=\"$node\",job=\"$job\"})",
"hide": false,
"range": true,
"refId": "A"
}
],
"title": "RAM Usage",
"type": "gauge"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"description": "Swap Usage",
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "thresholds"
},
"decimals": 0,
"mappings": [],
"max": 100,
"min": 0,
"noValue": "N/A",
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": null
},
{
"color": "#EAB839",
"value": 15
},
{
"color": "semi-dark-red",
"value": 30
}
]
},
"unit": "percent"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 4,
"w": 3,
"x": 12,
"y": 1
},
"id": 4,
"options": {
"orientation": "horizontal",
"reduceOptions": {
"calcs": [
"lastNotNull"
],
"fields": "",
"values": false
},
"showThresholdLabels": false,
"showThresholdMarkers": true,
"text": {}
},
"pluginVersion": "8.5.3",
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"expr": "((node_memory_SwapTotal_bytes{instance=\"$node\",job=\"$job\"} - node_memory_SwapFree_bytes{instance=\"$node\",job=\"$job\"}) / (node_memory_SwapTotal_bytes{instance=\"$node\",job=\"$job\"} )) * 100",
"hide": false,
"range": true,
"refId": "A"
}
],
"title": "Swap Usage",
"type": "gauge"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"description": "CPU Cores",
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "thresholds"
},
"decimals": 0,
"mappings": [],
"noValue": "N/A",
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": null
}
]
},
"unit": "short"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 2,
"w": 3,
"x": 15,
"y": 1
},
"id": 10,
"options": {
"colorMode": "value",
"graphMode": "none",
"justifyMode": "auto",
"orientation": "horizontal",
"reduceOptions": {
"calcs": [
"lastNotNull"
],
"fields": "",
"values": false
},
"textMode": "auto"
},
"pluginVersion": "8.5.3",
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"expr": "count(count(node_cpu_seconds_total{instance=\"$node\",job=\"$job\"}) by (cpu))",
"refId": "A"
}
],
"title": "CPU Cores",
"type": "stat"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"description": "RAM Total",
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "thresholds"
},
"decimals": 0,
"mappings": [],
"noValue": "N/A",
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": null
}
]
},
"unit": "decbytes"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 2,
"w": 3,
"x": 18,
"y": 1
},
"id": 11,
"options": {
"colorMode": "value",
"graphMode": "none",
"justifyMode": "auto",
"orientation": "horizontal",
"reduceOptions": {
"calcs": [
"lastNotNull"
],
"fields": "",
"values": false
},
"textMode": "auto"
},
"pluginVersion": "8.5.3",
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"expr": "node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{instance=\"$node\",job=\"$job\"}",
"refId": "A"
}
],
"title": "RAM Total",
"type": "stat"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"description": "Swap Total",
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "thresholds"
},
"decimals": 0,
"mappings": [],
"noValue": "N/A",
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": null
}
]
},
"unit": "decbytes"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 2,
"w": 3,
"x": 21,
"y": 1
},
"id": 12,
"options": {
"colorMode": "value",
"graphMode": "none",
"justifyMode": "auto",
"orientation": "horizontal",
"reduceOptions": {
"calcs": [
"lastNotNull"
],
"fields": "",
"values": false
},
"textMode": "auto"
},
"pluginVersion": "8.5.3",
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"expr": "node_memory_SwapTotal_bytes{instance=\"$node\",job=\"$job\"}",
"refId": "A"
}
],
"title": "Swap Total",
"type": "stat"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"description": "Uptime",
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "thresholds"
},
"decimals": 0,
"mappings": [],
"noValue": "N/A",
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": null
}
]
},
"unit": "dtdhms"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 2,
"w": 3,
"x": 15,
"y": 3
},
"id": 13,
"options": {
"colorMode": "value",
"graphMode": "none",
"justifyMode": "auto",
"orientation": "horizontal",
"reduceOptions": {
"calcs": [
"lastNotNull"
],
"fields": "",
"values": false
},
"textMode": "auto"
},
"pluginVersion": "8.5.3",
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"expr": "node_time_seconds{instance=\"$node\",job=\"$job\"} - node_boot_time_seconds{instance=\"$node\",job=\"$job\"}",
"refId": "A"
}
],
"title": "Uptime",
"type": "stat"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"description": "/ Total Size",
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "thresholds"
},
"decimals": 0,
"mappings": [],
"noValue": "N/A",
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": null
}
]
},
"unit": "decbytes"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 2,
"w": 3,
"x": 18,
"y": 3
},
"id": 14,
"options": {
"colorMode": "value",
"graphMode": "none",
"justifyMode": "auto",
"orientation": "horizontal",
"reduceOptions": {
"calcs": [
"lastNotNull"
],
"fields": "",
"values": false
},
"textMode": "auto"
},
"pluginVersion": "8.5.3",
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"expr": "node_filesystem_size_bytes{instance=\"$node\",job=\"$job\",mountpoint=\"/\",fstype!=\"rootfs\"}",
"refId": "A"
}
],
"title": "/ Total Size",
"type": "stat"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"description": "/ Usage",
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "thresholds"
},
"decimals": 0,
"mappings": [],
"max": 100,
"min": 0,
"noValue": "N/A",
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": null
},
{
"color": "#EAB839",
"value": 65
},
{
"color": "semi-dark-red",
"value": 90
}
]
},
"unit": "percent"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 2,
"w": 3,
"x": 21,
"y": 3
},
"id": 15,
"options": {
"colorMode": "value",
"graphMode": "none",
"justifyMode": "auto",
"orientation": "horizontal",
"reduceOptions": {
"calcs": [
"lastNotNull"
],
"fields": "",
"values": false
},
"textMode": "auto"
},
"pluginVersion": "8.5.3",
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"expr": "100 - ((node_filesystem_avail_bytes{instance=\"$node\",job=\"$job\",mountpoint=\"/\",fstype!=\"rootfs\"} * 100) / node_filesystem_size_bytes{instance=\"$node\",job=\"$job\",mountpoint=\"/\",fstype!=\"rootfs\"})",
"refId": "A"
}
],
"title": "/ Usage",
"type": "stat"
},
{
"collapsed": false,
"gridPos": {
"h": 1,
"w": 24,
"x": 0,
"y": 5
},
"id": 26,
"panels": [],
"title": "Network Stats",
"type": "row"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"description": "Bytes Received/Transferred [$dev]",
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "palette-classic"
},
"custom": {
"axisLabel": "",
"axisPlacement": "auto",
"barAlignment": 0,
"drawStyle": "line",
"fillOpacity": 10,
"gradientMode": "none",
"hideFrom": {
"legend": false,
"tooltip": false,
"viz": false
},
"lineInterpolation": "smooth",
"lineWidth": 1,
"pointSize": 5,
"scaleDistribution": {
"type": "linear"
},
"showPoints": "never",
"spanNulls": false,
"stacking": {
"group": "A",
"mode": "none"
},
"thresholdsStyle": {
"mode": "off"
}
},
"mappings": [],
"noValue": "N/A",
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": null
}
]
},
"unit": "decbytes"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 8,
"w": 8,
"x": 0,
"y": 6
},
"id": 28,
"options": {
"legend": {
"calcs": [
"min",
"max",
"mean",
"lastNotNull"
],
"displayMode": "table",
"placement": "bottom"
},
"tooltip": {
"mode": "multi",
"sort": "none"
}
},
"pluginVersion": "8.5.3",
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"expr": "node_network_receive_bytes_total{instance=\"$node\",job=\"$job\",device=\"$network_interface\"}",
"legendFormat": "Bytes Received",
"range": true,
"refId": "A"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"expr": "node_network_transmit_bytes_total{instance=\"$node\",job=\"$job\",device=\"$network_interface\"}",
"hide": false,
"legendFormat": "Bytes Transferred",
"range": true,
"refId": "B"
}
],
"title": "Bytes Received/Transferred",
"type": "timeseries"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"description": "Transfer Speed [$network_interface]",
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "palette-classic"
},
"custom": {
"axisLabel": "",
"axisPlacement": "auto",
"barAlignment": 0,
"drawStyle": "line",
"fillOpacity": 10,
"gradientMode": "none",
"hideFrom": {
"legend": false,
"tooltip": false,
"viz": false
},
"lineInterpolation": "smooth",
"lineStyle": {
"fill": "solid"
},
"lineWidth": 1,
"pointSize": 5,
"scaleDistribution": {
"type": "linear"
},
"showPoints": "never",
"spanNulls": false,
"stacking": {
"group": "A",
"mode": "none"
},
"thresholdsStyle": {
"mode": "off"
}
},
"mappings": [],
"noValue": "N/A",
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": null
}
]
},
"unit": "Bps"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 8,
"w": 8,
"x": 8,
"y": 6
},
"id": 29,
"options": {
"legend": {
"calcs": [
"min",
"max",
"mean",
"lastNotNull"
],
"displayMode": "table",
"placement": "bottom"
},
"tooltip": {
"mode": "multi",
"sort": "none"
}
},
"pluginVersion": "8.5.3",
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"exemplar": false,
"expr": "rate(node_network_receive_bytes_total{instance=\"$node\",job=\"$job\",device=\"$network_interface\"}[5m])",
"instant": false,
"legendFormat": "Receive Speed",
"range": true,
"refId": "A"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"expr": "rate(node_network_transmit_bytes_total{instance=\"$node\",job=\"$job\",device=\"$network_interface\"}[5m])",
"hide": false,
"legendFormat": "Transmit Speed",
"range": true,
"refId": "B"
}
],
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},
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{
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{
"datasource": {
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{
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{
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{
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],
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},
{
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},
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},
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],
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},
{
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},
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"targets": [
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},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
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"fieldConfig": {
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},
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},
"pluginVersion": "8.5.3",
"targets": [
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],
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],
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}
],
"refresh": "10s",
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"style": "dark",
"tags": [
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],
"templating": {
"list": [
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"text": "node",
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},
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
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"options": [],
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},
{
"current": {
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"datasource": {
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},
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},
{
"current": {
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"text": "enp2s0",
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},
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
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},
"definition": "label_values(node_network_info{operstate=\"up\"}, device)",
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},
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"text": [
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},
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "UCHnO3Wgz"
},
"definition": "label_values(node_disk_info, device)",
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"hide": 0,
"includeAll": true,
"label": "Drive",
"multi": true,
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"options": [],
"query": {
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"regex": "",
"skipUrlSync": false,
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}
]
},
"time": {
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"to": "now"
},
"timepicker": {
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"5m",
"15m",
"30m"
]
},
"timezone": "browser",
"title": "Server Dashboard",
"uid": "iUjT2qZgz",
"version": 9,
"weekStart": ""
}
This dashboard will look similar to this:
